Dicalcium Phosphate

Dicalcium Phosphate (DCP) is an inorganic compound widely used as a mineral supplement in animal feed. It is produced by the reaction of phosphoric acid with calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide, resulting in a white, odorless powder that is practically insoluble in water but soluble in dilute acids.

As one of the most important feed-grade phosphates, DCP serves as a primary source of both calcium and phosphorus — two essential macrominerals required by livestock, poultry, and aquaculture species for skeletal development, energy metabolism, and overall physiological functions. Its high bioavailability and stability make it a preferred choice for feed formulators worldwide.

DCP is available in anhydrous (CaHPO₄) and dihydrate (CaHPO₄·2H₂O) forms, both of which are suitable for use in animal nutrition applications.

Uses

Poultry: Supports egg shell formation, bone density, and growth performance in broilers and layers.

Swine: Provides readily available phosphorus and calcium for skeletal development and reproductive performance.

Ruminants: Supplemented in cattle and dairy cow diets to prevent phosphorus deficiency and improve milk production.

Aquaculture: Used in fish and shrimp feeds to meet mineral requirements for bone and scale formation.

Pets: Incorporated into dog and cat food as a mineral source for healthy teeth and bones.

Methods of Manufacturing

DCP feed grade is commercially produced through the wet process — phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) is reacted with lime (Ca(OH)₂) or calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) under controlled conditions. The resulting slurry is filtered, dried, and milled to achieve the desired particle size and specifications. Quality control ensures fluoride levels remain within safe limits for animal consumption.

Hazard Summary

Dicalcium Phosphate feed grade is considered a low-hazard material under normal handling conditions.

GHS Classification

Not classified as hazardous under GHS.

Inhalation

Dust inhalation may cause mild respiratory irritation. Prolonged exposure to high dust concentrations should be avoided.

Skin Contact

May cause mild irritation with prolonged contact. Non-sensitizing.

Eye Contact

Dust may cause mechanical irritation to the eyes.

Ingestion

Low acute oral toxicity. Excessive ingestion may cause gastrointestinal discomfort.

Environmental Hazard

Not classified as environmentally hazardous at typical use levels.

First Aid Measures

Inhalation

Remove the affected person to fresh air. If breathing difficulty persists, seek medical attention.

Skin Contact

Wash thoroughly with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. Seek medical advice if irritation persists.

Eye Contact

Rinse eyes immediately with plenty of clean water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids. Seek medical attention if irritation continues.

Ingestion

Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical advice if large quantities are ingested.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Dust mask or respirator for dusty environments

Safety goggles to protect eyes from dust

Gloves and protective clothing for prolonged handling

Handling

Avoid generating excessive dust during handling and transfer operations.

Use appropriate dust control measures such as local exhaust ventilation in enclosed spaces.

Prevent contamination with incompatible materials such as strong acids and alkalis.

Ensure product is kept dry at all times to preserve quality and flowability.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture and direct sunlight.

Keep in tightly sealed bags or containers to prevent moisture absorption.

Store away from strong acids, alkalis, and oxidizing agents.

Recommended storage temperature: below 30 °C; relative humidity: below 70%.

Shelf life: 24 months from date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.